Notes
four squares vi solution

Solution to the Four Squares VI Puzzle

Four Squares VI

Four squares. What’s the total shaded area?

Solution by Pythagoras' Theorem

Four squares vi labelled

As in the above diagram, let aa, bb, and cc be the side lengths of the squares, and dd is the difference between the top of the large yellow square and the lower white square. Applying Pythagoras' Theorem to the triangle shows that:

c 2+d 2=2 2=4 c^2 + d^2 = 2^2 = 4

From the diagram, 2c=a+b2c = a + b and d=acd = a - c, so 2d=ab2d = a - b. Therefore:

(2c) 2+(2d) 2 =(a+b) 2+(ab) 2 =a 2+2ab+b 2+a 22ab+b 2 =2a 2+2b 2 \begin{aligned} (2 c)^2 + (2 d)^2 &= (a + b)^2 + (a - b)^2 \\ &= a^2 + 2 a b + b^2 + a^2 - 2 a b + b^2 \\ &= 2 a^2 + 2 b^2 \end{aligned}

Therefore

a 2+b 2=2c 2+2d 2=8 a^2 + b^2 = 2 c^2 + 2 d^2 = 8